SUSTAINED PITCH: what does the note sound like after the attack? Intensity of sound? Is there the presence of VIBRATO (a rapid variation of pitch adding richness to a sound)?ĭescribe Timbre with adjectives you might use to describe color, temperature, consistency, or the human voice …Ībrasive, Booming, Brassy, Breathy, Bright, Brilliant, Brittle, Buzzy, Clear, Coarse, Cool, Cutting, Dark, Delicate, Distorted, Dry, Dull, Edgy, Ethereal, Flat, Focused, Full, Grating, Guttural, Harsh, Heavy, Hoarse, Hollow, Husky, Intense, Light, Lush, Mellow, Metallic, Muddy, Murky, Muted, Nasal, Penetrating, Piercing, Pure, Raspy, Reedy, Resonant, Rich, Ringing, Rough, Round, Scratchy, Shallow, Sharp, Shimmery, Shrill, Silky, Silvery, Smoky, Smooth, Strained, Strident, Strong, Subdued, Thick, Thin, Throaty, Thundering, Tremulous, Unfocused, Velvety, Vibrant, Warbling, Warm, Wheezy, Whispered, Wooden The system of rhythmic notation we use in the United States is based on the Western Classical tradition of western Europe, but there are many rhythmic notation systems around the world (and many cultures that learn rhythm by ear without writing anything down).ĪTTACK/ARTICULATION: what does the beginning of the note sound like? What is the instrument struck or played with? Is the attack soft or hard?
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We won’t learn how to read or write rhythms in this course. A notational system allows musicians to write and read rhythms precisely at any given tempo. The word RHYTHM specifically refers to how pitches in music are organized (compressed or elongated) over a consistent beat. MIXED METER: can be found in pieces where the meter changes up frequently - like a measure of 4/4 followed by a measure of 3/4 then 5/4 …ĬOMPLEX METER: occurs when a grouping is uneven or odd within a measure. Here are some more advanced concepts for those of you with prior musical training! QUADRUPLE COMPOUND TIME: 12/8 *EVEN MORE METERS* These are each represented by a TIME SIGNATURE - which you won’t be tested on and don’t need to learn for the sake of this course - but for those of you who already know music, let’s review how they work … You can take any meter grouping and subdivide it by simple or compound to get completely different rhythmic feels. When listening to songs subdivided into simple meter, they sound even and “straight” songs in compound subdivision sound “swung”.ĭUPLE: beat is in groups of 2 (try counting along to a song 1-2 | 1-2 …) To complicate things even more, every beat can be SUBDIVIDED into two equal halves (simple) or three equal thirds (compound).
2-beat measures are in duple meter, 3-beat measures are in triple meter, and 4-beat measures are in quadruple meter.
Measures can have any number of beats in them, but most commonly have 2, 3, or 4 beats. Musical phrases are broken down into segments that show rhythmic groupings known as MEASURES. How beats are grouped into small patterns within a larger song. In fact, you should do this for the purpose of this course :) METER
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You can download free metronome apps to your phone. Tempo is most easily determined by the use of a METRONOME, an analog or digital device that clocks the number of bpms by clicking/tapping at the same speed as the music. The speed of the beat (slow, medium, fast, etc.). *NOTE* When someone says “I love the beat of that song” … what they mean is that they love the rhythmic structure/pattern … but what they’re actually saying in musical terminology is that they love how fast or slow it goes … TEMPO The pulse of the music in terms of how fast or slow it flows by (the pulse you tap your foot to while listening to a song)Ħ0 bpm = 1 beat per second - a song at 60 bpm would be considered slowġ20 bpm = 2 beats per second - a song at 120 bpm would be twice as fast as 60, a medium speedĢ40 bpm = 4 beats per second - a song at 240 bpm would be considered very fast
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